About Lesson
Science and its origin
Science is a systematic understanding of natural phenomena in detail so that it can be predicted, controlled and modified. Science involves exploring, experimenting and speculating phenomena happening around us.
- The word Science is derived from a latin verb Scientiameaning ‘to know’.
- Scientific method is a way to gain knowledge in a systematic and in-depth way. It involves:
- Systematic observations
- Controlled experiments
- Qualitative and Quantitative reasoning
- Mathematical modeling
- Prediction and verification (or falsification) of theories
- Speculation or Prediction
- Science does not have any final theory. The improved observations, accurate tools keep improving the knowledge and perspective. Johannes Kepler used Tycho Brahe’s research on planetary motion to improve Nicolas Copernicus theory.
- Quantum mechanics was developed to deal with atomic and nuclear phenomena. Work of Ernest Rutherford on nuclear model of atom became basis of quantum theory given by Niels Bohr. Antiparticle theory of Paul Dirac led to the discovery of antielectron (positron) by Carl Anderson.
Natural Sciences
Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on observational and empirical evidence. It consists of following disciplines:
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Biology
Physics
Physics is a study of basic laws of nature and their manifestation in different natural phenomena. Physics is the study of physical world and matter and its motion through space and time, along with related concepts such as energy and force.
- Word Physics is derived from a Greek word phusikḗmeaning nature.
- Two principal types of approaches in Physics are:
- Unification: This approach considers all of the world’s phenomena as a collection of universal laws in different domains and conditions. Example, law of gravitation applies both to a falling apple from a tree as well as motion of planets around the sun. Electromagnetism laws govern all electric and magnetic phenomena.
- Reduction: This approach is to derive properties of complex systems from the properties and interaction of its constituent parts. Example, temperature studied under thermodynamics is also related to average kinetic energy of molecules in a system (kinetic theory).
Impact and uses of Physics
- It can explain a phenomena happening over a large magnitude with a simple theory.
- Experiments and observations are used to develop new theories for unidentified phenomena and improve old theories for existing phenomena.
- Development of devices using laws of physics.
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Lesson List
Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 Physical World
Section Name Topic Name
1 Physical World
1.1 What is physics?
1.2 Scope and excitement of physics
1.3 Physics, technology and society
1.4 Fundamental forces in nature
1.5 Nature of physical laws
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 2 Unit and Measurements
Unit and Measurements
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 3 Motion In A Straight Line
Section Name Topic Name
3 Motion in a Straight Line
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Position, path length and displacement
3.3 Average velocity and average speed
3.4 Instantaneous velocity and speed
3.5 Acceleration
3.6 Kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion
3.7 Relative velocity
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 4 Motion In A Plane
4 Motion in a plane
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Scalars and vectors
4.3 Multiplication of vectors by real numbers
4.4 Addition and subtraction of vectors – graphical method
4.5 Resolution of vectors
4.6 Vector addition – analytical method
4.7 Motion in a plane
4.8 Motion in a plane with constant acceleration
4.9 Relative velocity in two dimensions
4.10 Projectile motion
4.11 Uniform circular motion
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 Laws of motion
Section Name Topic Name
5 Laws of motion
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Aristotle’s fallacy
5.3 The law of inertia
5.4 Newton’s first law of motion
5.5 Newton’s second law of motion
5.6 Newton’s third law of motion
5.7 Conservation of momentum
5.8 Equilibrium of a particle
5.9 Common forces in mechanics
5.10 Circular motion
5.11 Solving problems in mechanics
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 6 Work Energy and Power
Section Name Topic Name
6 Work Energy and power
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Notions of work and kinetic energy : The work-energy theorem
6.3 Work
6.4 Kinetic energy
6.5 Work done by a variable force
6.6 The work-energy theorem for a variable force
6.7 The concept of potential energy
6.8 The conservation of mechanical energy
6.9 The potential energy of a spring
6.10 Various forms of energy : the law of conservation of energy
6.11 Power
6.12 Collisions
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 7 Rotation motion
Topics
Introduction
Centre of mass
Motion of COM
Linear Momentum of System of Particles
Vector Product
Angular velocity
Torque & Angular Momentum
Conservation of Angular Momentum
Equilibrium of Rigid Body
Centre of Gravity
Moment of Inertia
Theorem of perpendicular axis
Theorem of parallel axis
Moment of Inertia of Objects
Kinematics of Rotational Motion about a Fixed Axis
Dynamics of Rotational Motion about a Fixed Axis
Angular Momentum In Case of Rotation about a Fixed Axis
Rolling motion
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 Gravitation
Section Name Topic Name
8 Gravitation
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Kepler’s laws
8.3 Universal law of gravitation
8.4 The gravitational constant
8.5 Acceleration due to gravity of the earth
8.6 Acceleration due to gravity below and above the surface of earth
8.7 Gravitational potential energy
8.8 Escape speed
8.9 Earth satellite
8.10 Energy of an orbiting satellite
8.11 Geostationary and polar satellites
8.12 Weightlessness
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 mechanics properties of solid
Section Name Topic Name
9 Mechanical Properties Of Solids
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Elastic behaviour of solids
9.3 Stress and strain
9.4 Hooke’s law
9.5 Stress-strain curve
9.6 Elastic moduli
9.7 Applications of elastic behaviour of materials
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 10 Mechanical Properties of Fluids
Section Name Topic Name
10 Mechanical Properties Of Fluids
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Pressure
10.3 Streamline flow
10.4 Bernoulli’s principle
10.5 Viscosity
10.6 Reynolds number
10.7 Surface tension
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 11 Thermal Properties of matter
Section Name Topic Name
11 Thermal Properties of matter
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Temperature and heat
11.3 Measurement of temperature
11.4 Ideal-gas equation and absolute temperature
11.5 Thermal expansion
11.6 Specific heat capacity
11.7 Calorimetry
11.8 Change of state
11.9 Heat transfer
11.10 Newton’s law of cooling
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics
Section Name Topic Name
12 Thermodynamics
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Thermal equilibrium
12.3 Zeroth law of thermodynamics
12.4 Heat, internal energy and work
12.5 First law of thermodynamics
12.6 Specific heat capacity
12.7 Thermodynamic state variables and equation of state
12.8 Thermodynamic processes
12.9 Heat engines
12.10 Refrigerators and heat pumps
12.11 Second law of thermodynamics
12.12 Reversible and irreversible processes
12.13 Carnot engine
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 Kinetic Theory
Section Name Topic Name
13 Kinetic Theory
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Molecular nature of matter
13.3 Behaviour of gases
13.4 Kinetic theory of an ideal gas
13.5 Law of equipartition of energy
13.6 Specific heat capacity
13.7 Mean free path
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 14 Oscillations
Section Name Topic Name
14 Oscillations
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Periodic and oscilatory motions
14.3 Simple harmonic motion
14.4 Simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion
14.5 Velocity and acceleration in simple harmonic motion
14.6 Force law for simple harmonic motion
14.7 Energy in simple harmonic motion
14.8 Some systems executing Simple Harmonic Motion
14.9 Damped simple harmonic motion
14.10 Forced oscillations and resonance
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Class 11 Physics Chapter 15 Waves
Section Name Topic Name
15 Waves
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Transverse and longitudinal waves
15.3 Displacement relation in a progressive wave
15.4 The speed of a travelling wave
15.5 The principle of superposition of waves
15.6 Reflection of waves
15.7 Beats
15.8 Doppler effect
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