IUPAC and Common names of compounds

Example:

2. Aldehyde (Alkanals) C_nH_2n+1 CHO

HCHO  Methanal   Formaldehyde

CH₃CHO  Ethanal  Acetaldehyde

CH₃CH₂CHO  Propanal propion Aldehyde

4. Ketone :C_nH_2n+1CO C_nH_2n+1

CH₃-CO-CH₃ Propanaone DiMethylKetone

CH₃-CO=CH₂CH₃  Butanone   EthylMethyl Ketone

4. Carboxylic acid: – C_nH_2n+1COOH

HCOOH = Methanoic Acid   Formic Acid

CH₃COOH = Ethanoic Acid   Acetic Acid

4. Amines: – C_nH_2n+1NH₂

CH₃NH₂  Methane-Amine   MethylAmine

RULES FOR IUPAC

1. Select the longest continuous carbon chain.
2. Longest chain with maximum number of substituent is selected.
3. Numbering is done in such way that substituent gets the lowest number.
4. It two substituent are present, than we follow as the lowest sum rule.
5. If the same subsequent appears twice or thrice then di, tri, or is used.
6. If different substituent is present, than alphabetical order is followed.
7. If double or triple bond is present in addition to substituent then double or triple bond gets the lowest number.
8. If both double and triple bond are present, than lowest number is given to double bond.
9. In IUPAC: Name is written in order-

Prefix… Word Root…. Primary Suffix….. Seconadry Suffix

In case of double & triple bond

1. Select chain that involves double or triple bond.
2. Suffix ene or yne are used.
3. Multiple bonds should get the lowest number.
4. If multiple bond occurs two or more, than prefix di, tri etc.
5. Double bond is given preference over triple bond.